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Finance GlossaryCash Market
Cash Market
Definition of Cash Market
A cash market is a place where assets, goods, and services are bought and sold on the spot. That’s why it is also known as the “spot market”.
A stock market exchange like NSE or BSE is an example of a cash market as trades are settled on the spot at the spot price. Derivatives like futures are not a part of the cash market are trades are settled in the future.
A stock market exchange like NSE or BSE is an example of a cash market as trades are settled on the spot at the spot price. Derivatives like futures are not a part of the cash market are trades are settled in the future.
Related Terms
Gamma
Gamma is a mathematical formula used to measure the change in the delta of an options contract price.
Delta is the change in the price of an options contract in relation to the underlying asset’s price.
In simple terms, gamma can be called as the change of the change. The formula to calculate gamma of an options contract is: Γ = ∂2V/∂S2
Delta is the change in the price of an options contract in relation to the underlying asset’s price.
In simple terms, gamma can be called as the change of the change. The formula to calculate gamma of an options contract is: Γ = ∂2V/∂S2
Capital Growth
Capital growth is the profits an investment generates on the principal amount. Since the capital grows on earning profits, the term capital growth is also used to describe the overall corpus of an individual (principal + profits).
Pre-IPO
Pre-IPO (or Pre-Initial Public Offering) refers to the phase of a company where it raises capital by selling its shares to private investors (such as venture capitalists, private equity firms, or institutional investors) before officially going public with an IPO. These shares are bought at a discount to the expected IPO price. Investing in pre-IPO shares is for experienced investors because the shares are illiquid and have a high risk, but have the potential for high returns if the company performs well after listing.
Securities Lending
Securities Lending is a process through which investors can lend their shares to borrowers, usually for short selling. In return, they receive interest or fees. The lender continues to be the owner of the assets. The borrower needs to return the securities later. Securities lending helps in improving liquidity in the market. Long-term investors can also earn extra income on holdings that remain idle for a while.
Working Capital
Working capital represents a company’s short-term financial health and operational efficiency, calculated as current assets minus current liabilities. For instance, a business with sufficient working capital can comfortably pay suppliers and meet day-to-day expenses, while negative working capital may indicate liquidity challenges.
Payback Period
The Payback Period is a capital budgeting metric that calculates the amount of time it takes for a project or investment to pay back its initial cost. It is one of the simplest methods for evaluating potential investments. The formula is: Payback Period = Initial Investment/Annual Cash Flow. A shorter payback period is usually preferred as it means a faster return of capital and less risk. However, it is a limited metric, as it does not take into account the time value of money and the cash flows generated after the initial investment is recovered.
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