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Finance GlossaryCircuit Breaker
Circuit Breaker
Definition of Circuit Breaker
A circuit breaker or market curb is a measure that exchanges use to put a stop to all trading activities across an index or entire market. This regulatory measure is put in place to curb panic selling, especially when markets are in free fall.
That’s why circuit breakers are also known as trading curbs and are put in place when an index or market reaches a specific level. These are the current circuit breaker limits on NSE:
That’s why circuit breakers are also known as trading curbs and are put in place when an index or market reaches a specific level. These are the current circuit breaker limits on NSE:
| Circuit Breaker Trigger | Trading Halt Duration |
|---|---|
| 10% | 0-45 minutes |
| 15% | 45 minutes; 1 hour 45 minutes; rest of the day |
| 20% | Rest of the day |
Related Terms
Forex Options
Forex options are exchange-traded derivative contracts that give the right but not the obligation to buy or sell a pair of underlying currencies at a pre-agreed price and date. Forex options are also known as currency options.
Every forex option can be split into a call or put option. A forex call option gives the holder the right to buy underlying forex pairs while a forex put option gives the holder the right to sell underlying currency pairs.
In either case, there is no obligation to exercise the contract but there is a pre-agreed price and expiration date attached. In India, forex options are only available for the USD-INR currency pair.
Every forex option can be split into a call or put option. A forex call option gives the holder the right to buy underlying forex pairs while a forex put option gives the holder the right to sell underlying currency pairs.
In either case, there is no obligation to exercise the contract but there is a pre-agreed price and expiration date attached. In India, forex options are only available for the USD-INR currency pair.
Momentum Investing
Momentum Investing is an investment approach that focuses on buying securities that have shown strong recent price performance and selling those with weak performance. The strategy is based on the idea that assets trending in one direction often continue moving that way for some time due to market behavior and investor psychology.
Mutual Fund
A mutual fund is a financial instrument that collects funds from investors and invest in different assets, like equity, bonds, etc. A professional fund manager handles the investments, making it easier for individuals to invest and spread their risk without needing deep market knowledge.
India VIX
India VIX is an index that measures volatility and market sentiment. The term VIX stands for Volatility Index and thus, the full form of India VIX is Indian Volatility Index.
A higher India VIX means higher volatility whereas India VIX would be lower due periods of low volatility. In fact, there are absolute values that help understand volatility via India VIX.
India VIX typically moves between 15 to 30, which represents a range that is considered “normal” as far as volatility is concerned.
However, India VIX has touched 90 during the 2008 financial crisis and trended near the value once again when the pandemic broke out in 2020.
A higher India VIX means higher volatility whereas India VIX would be lower due periods of low volatility. In fact, there are absolute values that help understand volatility via India VIX.
India VIX typically moves between 15 to 30, which represents a range that is considered “normal” as far as volatility is concerned.
However, India VIX has touched 90 during the 2008 financial crisis and trended near the value once again when the pandemic broke out in 2020.
Compounded Annual Growth Rate (CAGR)
Compounded Annual Growth Rate shows how much returns on average an investment can generate over a year, given the data for a period of time (say 5+ years).
CAGR is an indicative measure of yearly returns growth that assumes the profits are reinvested. The formula to calculate Compound Annual Growth Rate is:
CAGR = [(Ending value/Beginning Value)^(1/N)]-1
CAGR is an indicative measure of yearly returns growth that assumes the profits are reinvested. The formula to calculate Compound Annual Growth Rate is:
CAGR = [(Ending value/Beginning Value)^(1/N)]-1
Triple Bottom
A triple bottom is a bullish chart pattern where the price tests the same support level three times without breaking below it. This suggests selling pressure is reducing, and a reversal from downtrend to uptrend may follow.
For example, if a stock falls to ₹200 on three occasions and rebounds each time, it may form a triple bottom, suggesting a potential price rise.
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