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Finance GlossaryInterest Rate Risk
Interest Rate Risk
Definition of Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate risk refers to the probable decline in the value of a fixed income security because of a fluctuation in the interest rate. Fixed income securities lose value when interest rates rise whereas a bond or other debt instruments become more valuable when interest rates fall. Equity shares and securities do not carry interest rate risk.
Related Terms
Market Order
A market order is an order placed to execute a buy or sell transaction instantly using the prevailing market prices. It prioritizes speed over price certainty, meaning the trade is executed quickly, but the final price may differ slightly from the last traded price.
Net Asset Value (NAV)
Net Asset Value (NAV) indicates the value of one unit of an investment fund at a given point in time. It reflects the fund’s total assets after expenses, spread across all outstanding units, and helps investors track how the fund’s value changes from day to day.
Prospectus
A prospectus is a legal document that gives detailed disclosure about a company's financial condition, its operations, management, and the terms of a new securities offering (such as an IPO). It is mandated by regulatory bodies and must be provided to potential investors to provide them with all the information they need to make an informed investment decision. The two key parts are the preliminary prospectus (red herring prospectus) and the final prospectus.
Indices
Indices are a collection of financial instruments that measure the performance of those very instruments.
For example, stock market indices like Nifty 50 and Sensex measure the top 50 and 30 stocks by market capitalization.
If indices go up, it generally means that the underlying stocks are performing well. The opposite is true when indices plummet.
By the way, there’s no limit to how many instruments an index can track. The Nifty Smallcap 250 tracks 250 stocks whereas Nifty Bank tracks 12 stocks.
For example, stock market indices like Nifty 50 and Sensex measure the top 50 and 30 stocks by market capitalization.
If indices go up, it generally means that the underlying stocks are performing well. The opposite is true when indices plummet.
By the way, there’s no limit to how many instruments an index can track. The Nifty Smallcap 250 tracks 250 stocks whereas Nifty Bank tracks 12 stocks.
P/E Ratio (Forward)
The Forward Price to Earnings (Forward P/E) Ratio is a valuation metric that compares the current stock price of a company to its estimated earnings per share (EPS) for the next four quarters or the next fiscal year. The formula is: Forward P/E = Current Share Price/ Estimated Future EPS. Indian analysts and investors often use the Forward P/E to forecast how expensive a stock is, given what the company is expected to earn in the future, which gives a more relevant picture for making investment decisions than historical earnings.
Notional Value
Notional Value refers to the total value of an underlying asset represented by a financial contract, such as derivatives or futures. It is used to calculate exposure and risk, even though the actual amount invested or exchanged may be much smaller than the notional value itself.
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