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Finance GlossaryLiquidity Ratio
Liquidity Ratio
Definition of Liquidity Ratio
The Liquidity Ratio is a tool in financial analysis for measuring a company’s ability to fulfil short-term debt obligations without the need to secure external financing. The key term here is liquidity.
Related Terms
Slippage
Slippage refers to the difference between the expected price of a trade and the price at which it actually gets executed. Usually, it happens during periods of high volatility or low liquidity. Small slippage is normal, but the returns can get significantly impacted by large slippages. Active traders using market orders or scalping strategies must take guard against these risks.
Market Maker
A market maker is an individual or a firm that continuously quotes bid (buy) and ask (sell) prices in order to provide liquidity and ensure smooth trading. They act as intermediaries, buying from sellers and selling to buyers from their own inventory, which facilitates smooth, efficient trading and reduces price volatility for other investors. This role is generally played by financial institutions like brokerage firms or investment banks.
Call Option
A call option is a type of derivative contract that gives the right but not the obligation to buy an underlying asset like shares, commodities, currencies, and others at a pre-agreed price and date.
There are three components to a call option:
There are three components to a call option:
- Premium: the price paid to buy a call option
- Strike price: the pre-agreed price of the underlying asset
- Expiration date: the day after which the option contract will be worthless
Yield to Maturity (YTM)
Yield to Maturity is the total return an investor can expect if a bond is held until maturity, accounting for interest payments and any gain or loss if purchased at a discount or premium. For example, buying a bond below face value increases its YTM beyond the coupon rate.
Ex-Dividend Date
The ex-dividend date is the trading day on and after which a new buyer of the stock is not entitled to any dividends. Most traders say that a stock has gone ex-dividend when this happens.
Traditionally, the ex-dividend date is set a day before the record date when a company evaluates its records for existing shareholders. If a trader buys a stock that has gone ex-dividend from a seller, the one who'll get dividends is the seller.
Traditionally, the ex-dividend date is set a day before the record date when a company evaluates its records for existing shareholders. If a trader buys a stock that has gone ex-dividend from a seller, the one who'll get dividends is the seller.
Beta Stocks
Beta of stocks measures the risk that the shares carry compared to the broader market. Theoretically, the market is said to have a default Beta of 1. As a result, Beta stocks can be of four types:
- High Beta Stocks : typically having a Beta value of more than 1, these stocks are known to be high-risk, high-reward investments
- Low Beta Stocks : typically having a Beta value of less than 1, these stocks are known to be low-risk, low-reward investments
- Negative Beta Stocks : typically having a Beta value of less than zero, these stocks are known to have an inverse correlation with the market
- Same as the market : typically having a Beta that’s equal to 1, these stocks are known to share characteristics with the market
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