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Finance GlossaryTotal Shareholder Return (TSR)
Total Shareholder Return (TSR)
Definition of Total Shareholder Return (TSR)
Total Shareholder Return (TSR) measures the overall return generated for investors, combining share price appreciation and dividends received over a period. It provides a more complete view of performance than price returns alone. TSR is commonly used to evaluate long-term value creation and management effectiveness.
Related Terms
Circuit Breaker
A circuit breaker or market curb is a measure that exchanges use to put a stop to all trading activities across an index or entire market. This regulatory measure is put in place to curb panic selling, especially when markets are in free fall.
That’s why circuit breakers are also known as trading curbs and are put in place when an index or market reaches a specific level. These are the current circuit breaker limits on NSE:
That’s why circuit breakers are also known as trading curbs and are put in place when an index or market reaches a specific level. These are the current circuit breaker limits on NSE:
| Circuit Breaker Trigger | Trading Halt Duration |
|---|---|
| 10% | 0-45 minutes |
| 15% | 45 minutes; 1 hour 45 minutes; rest of the day |
| 20% | Rest of the day |
Time Value of Money (TVM)
Time Value of Money (TVM) is the concept that money available today is worth more than the same amount in the future due to its earning potential. It forms the foundation of financial decision-making and valuation. TVM is applied in investments, loans, discounting cash flows, and retirement planning.
Iceberg Order
An Iceberg Order is used to slice and execute large orders into multiple “legs”. Large orders have the potential to drastically affect stock prices and subsequently investor behaviour.
That’s why institutional investors or traders with a relatively large buy or sell order place an Iceberg Order, thus masking their total transaction value and effectively going under the radar.
Brokers and trading platforms offer Iceberg Orders as a feature, which is activated after a certain quantity of scrips or contracts are selected, typically above 100.
That’s why institutional investors or traders with a relatively large buy or sell order place an Iceberg Order, thus masking their total transaction value and effectively going under the radar.
Brokers and trading platforms offer Iceberg Orders as a feature, which is activated after a certain quantity of scrips or contracts are selected, typically above 100.
Algorithmic Trading
Algorithmic trading or algo trading means buying and selling securities using computer algorithms that follow a set of predefined rules to execute trades.
In algo trading, predefined rules can be set to act on triggers like stock price, volume, time, and others.
In algo trading, predefined rules can be set to act on triggers like stock price, volume, time, and others.
SEBI (Securities and Exchange Board of India)
The Securities and Exchange Board of India is the authority that regulates the securities market in India. It protects the interests of investors and ensures that trading practices are fair. The body also promotes transparency across different exchanges and intermediaries. SEBI regulates brokers and prevents the market from being manipulated. Thus, the authority plays a crucial role in regulating Indian financial markets and maintaining transparency.
Exponential Moving Average
Exponential Moving Average (EMA) is a technical indicator used to follow price trends over a specific period of time. EMA assigns more weight to recent prices than older prices. The formula to calculate EMA is:
Exponential Moving Average = (K x (CP - PP)) + PP
C: Current Price of stock, currency, commodity, etc. P: The EMA of preceding periods K: Exponential smoothing constant
A Simple Moving Average (SMA) is used to calculate the value of the first period. Furthermore, the EMA can be used to identify support and resistance areas. However, it may not be optimal for identifying precise entry and exit points.
Exponential Moving Average = (K x (CP - PP)) + PP
C: Current Price of stock, currency, commodity, etc. P: The EMA of preceding periods K: Exponential smoothing constant
A Simple Moving Average (SMA) is used to calculate the value of the first period. Furthermore, the EMA can be used to identify support and resistance areas. However, it may not be optimal for identifying precise entry and exit points.
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