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Finance GlossarySettlement Cycle
Settlement Cycle
Definition of Settlement Cycle
The settlement cycle refers to the time taken to complete a trade once it is executed. Equities in India have T+1 days for settlement. This indicates the shares and funds are exchanged only one business day after the trade is executed. A shorter settlement cycle reduces counterparty risk. It also ensures that investors get faster access to their money or securities.
Related Terms
Face Value
The term face value refers to the actual price of a stock that’s obtained by dividing a company’s net value by its total shares outstanding. In India, the face value of shares can range from Rs. 1 to Rs. 100.
However, the market value of the share may vary. At times, the difference can be drastic. For example, the face value of an MRF share is Rs. 10 but the market value (LTP) of the same share is Rs. 86,313.45.
Face value is also known as nominal value or par value. The latter is used frequently in the case of bonds.
The face value of a bond is the amount that an investor receives from the issuer on maturity. Similar to stocks, bonds and other fixed income instruments may have a different face value and market value.
However, the market value of the share may vary. At times, the difference can be drastic. For example, the face value of an MRF share is Rs. 10 but the market value (LTP) of the same share is Rs. 86,313.45.
Face value is also known as nominal value or par value. The latter is used frequently in the case of bonds.
The face value of a bond is the amount that an investor receives from the issuer on maturity. Similar to stocks, bonds and other fixed income instruments may have a different face value and market value.
Securities Lending
Securities Lending is a process through which investors can lend their shares to borrowers, usually for short selling. In return, they receive interest or fees. The lender continues to be the owner of the assets. The borrower needs to return the securities later. Securities lending helps in improving liquidity in the market. Long-term investors can also earn extra income on holdings that remain idle for a while.
Book Running Lead Manager
A book running lead manager is the head or lead of the underwriting process when new shares or securities are issued for their client, most commonly during an IPO.
For context, there was a time when physical ownership certificates were issued. If someone wanted to sell their shares, they’d have to present the ownership certificate and get it transferred to the buyer.
Also known as the book runner, the book running lead manager handles these crucial elements of the underwriting process:
For context, there was a time when physical ownership certificates were issued. If someone wanted to sell their shares, they’d have to present the ownership certificate and get it transferred to the buyer.
Also known as the book runner, the book running lead manager handles these crucial elements of the underwriting process:
- Perform due diligence
- Determine the final offering price
- Record & track interested buyers
- Confirm orders
- Guarantee purchase
Liquidity Trap
A Liquidity Trap is an economic event where the general public stashes cash in their bank savings account instead of investing in bonds because of the assumption that a rise in interest rates is imminent, even though interest rates are low.
Bear Market
A bear market is a period of continuous decline in the stock or commodity market.
Typically, investors believe that a bear market has arrived when a stock, commodity, or entire index fall by 20% or more from its most recent highs.
The onset of a bear market is generally in tandem with poor economic conditions.
Typically, investors believe that a bear market has arrived when a stock, commodity, or entire index fall by 20% or more from its most recent highs.
The onset of a bear market is generally in tandem with poor economic conditions.
Value Trap
A value trap occurs when a stock appears cheap based on valuation metrics but continues to underperform due to underlying business problems. For example, a company with declining revenues and poor management may trade at low price-to-earnings ratios, misleading investors into thinking it offers value when its fundamentals are deteriorating.
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